Sluzewo – Gmina Aleksandrow-Kujawski – Slownik Geograficzny Translations
Hello,
Below is my translation of the Słownik Geograficzny Krolestwa Polskiego entry for Służewo. Any errors in the translations are completely my own.
Location information:
Current administrative location: Służewo, Gmina Aleksandrow-Kujawski, Powiat Aleksandrów, Województwo Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland.
Administrative location in 1895 (Słownik Geograficzny Krolestwa Polskiego): Służewo, Powiat Nieszawa, Gubernia Warszawske, Vistula Land, Russian Empire.
In 1241, it was called Sluszewo. In 1245, it was called Sluzewo. An urban settlement and former town, located in Powiat Nieszawa. It belongs to the gmina and parish of Służewo. It lies a few verst southwest of Aleksandrów (Warszawa-Bydzgoszcz borderland railway station). A few verst from the point where the Polish Kingdom borders West Prussia and Kreis Poznań. It is a distance of 16 verst from Nieszawa. The former route from Warszawa to Toruń (at Breść Kujawski) passed by Służewo. It had a brick church, 4 old age home shelters, a beginner school, customs house, municipal office, 120 homes, 1452 inhabitants, and 487 morgs of land belonging to the townspeople. The village and folwark have 122 inhabitants.
In 1827, the city had 109 houses and 1335 inhabitants. The village and folwark had 13 homes and 134 inhabitants. The (former) rectory had 55 inhabitants. There were 19 morgs of land owned by the peasants.
The estate palace area was converted into a castle and a park. In 1888, the Służewo estate consisted of the following folwarks: Slużewo and Goszczewo; Rożen, Stefanów, and Leśniczówka had a combined area of 3401 morgs; the Służewo folwark had 1016 morgs of cultivated farm and garden land, 80 morgs of meadow, 9 morgs of pasture, 63 morgs of forest, 51 morgs of barren unused land, 42 brick buildings, 20 wooden buildings, and a 9 and 15 half fields crop rotation; and the Goszczewo folwark had 745 morgs of cultivated farm and garden land, 54 morgs of meadow, 259 morgs of pasture, 1052 morgs of forest, 72 morgs of barren unused land, 5 brick buildings, 17 wooden buildings, an 8 and 10 half fields crop rotation, a forest equipped with a railway for the past 90 years, and 2 windmills. The estate formerly included: the Służewo city had 177 inhabitants and 487 morgs of land; the Służewo village had 17 inhabitants and 17 morgs of land; the village of Broniszewo had 19 inhabitants and 148 morgs of land; the village of Starawieś had 19 inhabitants and 124 morgs of land; the village of Wólka had 20 inhabitants and 234 morgs of land; the village of Chrusty (also called Kopanina) had 13 inhabitants and 196 morgs of land; the village of Holendry Goszczewskie had 6 inhabitants and 94 morgs of land; and the village of Rożen had 6 inhabitants and 44 morgs of land.
In 1241, Konrad, Duke of Łęczyca, gave the village of Służewo to Count (komesowi) Gotard, the son of Łukasz, who was referenced for the victory over the Prussians, Lithuanians, and Jadźwingowie. He shot 7 captive Jadźwingów military leaders (seven was stated by Prince Yaczwaijgowe), for which the Prince received a redemption of 70 silver grzywna for each. The Duke freed this village from all imposts and duties under Polish law. In 1245, further published documents from Czersku (Krysku ?) are silent about the acts of Gotard and only add that the Służewo village “a church is there” and that the village had be given “with laws for fields, meadows, honey production, and deer hunting” (Kod. Mucz. Rzysz. I, 50 i II, 25). In the 14th century, documents list a whole series of owners and co-owners (ob. Kod. Mucz. Rzysz., II, 160, 172, 193, 219). In 1241, Jan, Duke of Warszawa, reaffirmed the privilege for the 13 heirs and descendants of Gotard (ib., II, 324). During the 15th century, Służewo was located on the main road from Warszawa to Toruń, this may have helped to transform the village into a city. In 1447, there were 4 vicars (mansyonarzy) established at the church. The funds for the construction were provided by the heirs and given to Bishop Zbigniew Oleśnicki, which no doubtfully came from the hospital foundation. One of the vicars was obliged to teach in the church school. In 1560, the new church was built on the site where the old parish church once stood. The new parish, under the patronage of Saint John the Baptist, was built by Jan Służewski, Count of Sulima, the wojewoda (the province head) of Brześć Kujawski and his wife Małgorzata de Sternberg-Kostka. The vault of the nave is supported by two pillars. At the head of the temple was a tower, which can be seen from Toruń. The same founders that built the church, also built the hospital and church rectory. The hospital had 2 chambers and 7 beds, with an extensive entrance way containing an altar. A percentage of a 3000 Polish złoty tithe, written by wojewoda Służewski, from the village of Ośno served to maintain the hospital. In the 18th century, the vicar foundation ceased to exist due to the loss of funds. The pastor had 79 morgs of land. The hereditary estate supposedly came from the 17th century. The banners on the four corners of the towers are from 1683. Renovations have changed the original features and layout of this building. There is a beautiful English garden at the palace. The parish should be a filial church, because it is on the border of Aleksandrówo. The Służewo Parish belongs to the Nieszawa Deanery and has 5060 souls.
The Służewo gmina belongs to District Court I in Nieszawa. It has a territory of 10,210 morgs, of this 1438 morgs are owned by the peasants. There are 5231 inhabitants. The post office, telegraph office, and train station are located in Aleksandrówo. Br. Ch.
Słownik Geograficzny Krolestwa Polskiego – Warsaw [1895, vol. 10, p.863. Retrieved from http://www.mimuw.edu.pl/polszczyzna/SGKP/SG10.djvu?djvuopts&page=863
Best Regards,
Al
